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A Comprehensive Geospatial Dataset for Risk Assessments of Natural Hazards in the United States


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Created: Oct 14, 2025 at 6:57 p.m. (UTC)
Last updated: Aug 07, 2026 at 8:26 p.m. (UTC)
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Abstract

We present a homogeneous and spatially explicit dataset at county and tract levels that supports climate change risk assessment across the contiguous United States, designed to enable user-defined construction of hazard, exposure, vulnerability, resilience, and composite risk indices through application-specific weighting of variables and selection of hazards or future hazard projections. The dataset follows the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) risk framework, which defines risk through four key components: hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and resilience. It includes 130 variables compiled from multiple national sources for 3,198 counties and 83,481 tracts. Major data sources include the Baseline Resilience Indicators for Communities (BRIC) from the University of South Carolina, the National Risk Index (NRI) from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Additional datasets were integrated to provide a more comprehensive set of exposure variables. To facilitate integration of variables with different units and scales, all data were winsorized at the 5th and 95th percentiles and normalized using fuzzy membership functions. The resulting normalized values represent relative positions within the distribution of each indicator and provide a consistent numerical framework for visualization, spatial analysis, and user-defined risk modeling. This process reduces the influence of outliers while preserving data variability. The resulting dataset provides a consistent foundation for constructing composite risk indices, replicating or extending IPCC AR6-aligned analyses, and supporting climate risk and adaptation research. It is particularly suited for applications in systemic risk assessment, spatial modeling, and policy evaluation.

Subject Keywords

Coverage

Spatial

Coordinate System/Geographic Projection:
WGS 84 EPSG:4326
Coordinate Units:
Decimal degrees
North Latitude
49.2409°
East Longitude
-59.5020°
South Latitude
25.1279°
West Longitude
-129.2871°

Content

Credits

Funding Agencies

This resource was created using funding from the following sources:
Agency Name Award Title Award Number
National Science Foundation None 2152896
NOAA via CIROH None NA22NWS4320003
Office of Naval Research None N000142512404

How to Cite

Mehdi, H., Kurter, E. (2026). A Comprehensive Geospatial Dataset for Risk Assessments of Natural Hazards in the United States, HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/58a15bfde5164f3c99dc39b463b0aa22

This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
CC-BY

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